GUM BLEEDING
Gum bleeding occurs mostly as a result of plaque accumulation and its accompanying irritation. It could also result from trauma(injury), and in rare cases, could be a pointer to a more serious medical condition.
Causes of Gum Bleeding
- Gingivitis
- Low platelet count(thrombocytopenia)
- Leukaemia
- Cavities
- Cirrhosis
- Pernicious anaemia
- Clotting factor deficiency
GINGIVITIS
Gingivitis is inflammation of the gum(gingiva) characterised by swelling, redness, tenderness and bleeding. Gingivitis is easily reversible when properly handled. If ignored, it can progress to periodontitis.
Predisposing factors
- Trauma:from hardbrushing, toothpicking, etc.
- Smoking
- Certain medications e.g oral contraceptives, anticonvulsants
- Crooked teeth
- Ill-fitting dental appliances
- Pregnancy
- Filling over-hangs
- Diabetes
- Compromised immunity e.g HIV/AIDS
- Genetic factors
Symptoms
- Swollen gum
- Redish gum
- Gum bleeds easily
- Loose gums
- Mouth odour
Other symptoms that may arise when gingivitis progresses to periodontitis are:
- Loose teeth
- Shifting teeth
- Pain on biting
- Abscess
- Sensitivity
Diagnosis
When gum bleeding is observed, the best thing to do is to visit your dentist. The dentist is well trained to quickly and easily diagnose gingivitis.
Treatment
Treatment depends on cause of gingivitis. Routine oral hygiene (scaling and polishing) easily reverses plaque induced gingivitis. Other treatments are targeted at elimination of gum irritants. In some rare cases, patients are refferred to other specialists for management of underlying causes.